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Major Hurricane Milton was churning towards Florida's west coast as a Category 5 storm early Wednesday, but it was downgraded to a Category 4 just before 7 a.m., the National Hurricane Center said.
Around 6:30 a.m., Roman noted the hurricane was experiencing an "eyewall replacement cycle," meaning it was expected to briefly weaken. Even at a Category 4, Roman said, the storm was expected to be "devastating and catastrophic" as it moves into west Florida and across the state.
In a Category 4 hurricane, winds are between 130 and 156 miles per hour. In a Category 5, the exceed 157 mph, according to the NHC.
In both cases, "catastrophic damage" was expected.
“Milton has the potential to be one of the most destructive hurricanes on record for west-central Florida,” the National Hurricane Center said in a forecast discussion Tuesday.
The hurricane was expected to make landfall late Wednesday night or early Thursday morning on Florida’s west coast near or south of Tampa, but forecasters said “it is critical to remember that even at 24 hours out, it is still not possible to pinpoint an an exact landfall location.”
What is the highest category for a hurricane?
Local
Hurricane categories are based on what is known as the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.
The rating categorizes hurricanes on a scale of 1 to 5 based on sustained wind speeds, according to the National Weather Service.
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"This scale estimates potential property damage," the NWS reports. "Hurricanes reaching Category 3 and higher are considered major hurricanes because of their potential for significant loss of life and damage. Category 1 and 2 storms are still dangerous, however, and require preventative measures."
The wind speeds are calculated using a one-minute average.
Here's how they break down:
| Category One Hurricane Winds 74-95 mph. Very dangerous winds will produce some damage |
| Category Two Hurricane Winds 96-110 mph. Extremely dangerous winds will cause extensive damage |
| Category Three Hurricane Winds 111-129 mph. Devastating damage will occur |
| Category Four Hurricane Winds 130-156 mph. Catastrophic damage will occur |
| Category Five Hurricane Winds 157 mph or higher. Catastrophic damage will occur |
In a Category Five storm, "a high percentage of framed homes will be destroyed, with total roof failure and wall collapse," according to the scale.
"Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months," the description states.
Is there a Category 6?
Earlier this year, some experts proposed adding a Category 6 to the ranking for storms with winds that exceed 192 miles per hour, though no such category has been officially created so far.
Several experts told The Associated Press they don't think that category is necessary. They said it could even give the wrong signal to the public because it's based on wind speed, while water is by far the deadliest killer in hurricanes.
Where is the hurricane now?
As of early Wednesday, the hurricane, with winds of 160 miles-per-hour, was in the Gulf of Mexico, north of Cuba and southwest of Florida. A live Hurricane Milton tracker can be found below.
What part of Florida will Milton hit?
The ferocious storm could land a once-in-a-century direct hit on Tampa, St. Petersburg and Sarasota, engulfing the populous region with towering storm surges and turning debris from Helene’s devastation 12 days ago into projectiles.
Hurricane Helene came ashore some 150 miles away from Tampa in the Florida Panhandle and still managed to cause drowning deaths in the Tampa area due to surges of around 5 to 8 feet above normal tide levels.
Forecasters warned of a possible 8- to 12-foot storm surge in Tampa Bay. That’s the highest ever predicted for the location and nearly double the levels reached two weeks ago during Helene, hurricane center spokesperson Maria Torres said.
The storm could also bring widespread flooding. Five to 10 inches of rain was forecast for mainland Florida and the Keys, with as much as 15 inches expected in some places.
According to NBC 5 Meteorologist Alicia Roman, the hurricane could downgrade to a Category 4 once it makes landfall, but was still expected to be a "catastrophic" storm.
As of 6 a.m. Wednesday, the storm was forecast to hit near Sarasota, just south of Tampa.
"Perhaps landfall in this area, the Florida barrier islands," Roman said.
By Thursday, the hurricane was expected to move through the state and into the eastern part, with winds of around 80 mph.
"But by then, the damage will be done," Roman said.
The first alerts notifying residents of Pinellas, Manatee, Pasco, Charlotte, Citrus and Hillsborough counties in Florida of a hurricane warning and storm surge warning went out via email, text message and phone call beginning at about 5:10 p.m. EDT (4:10 p.m. CT), according to messages received by The Associated Press. That includes popular destinations like Naples, Marco Island, Bonita Springs, Fort Myers, Punta Gorda and more.
Hurricane Milton approaches limits of what Earth's atmosphere can produce
The hurricane warning said the impacts of Milton could be “devastating to catastrophic.”
The alerts warned that sturdy buildings could suffer complete roof and wall failures, and that damage could make some areas "uninhabitable for weeks or months.”
According to Florida's Division of Emergency Management, the following counties have "mandatory" evacuation orders as of 11 a.m. Tuesday:
- Charlotte County
- Citrus County
- Collier County
- Hernando County
- Hillsborough County
- Lee County
- Levy County
- Manatee County
- Pasco County
- Pinellas County
- Sarasota County
- St. Johns County
- Volusia County
See the latest list here.
What time is Milton hitting Florida?
Here’s a timeline of what could occur in coming days.
Wednesday
The first impacts of the storm in Florida will really be felt Wednesday morning, with some bands of rain potentially reaching the coast. More importantly, tropical storm-force winds are expected to begin arriving on the coast by midday, churning up high waves on area beaches as the hurricane draws closer.
In addition, the threat of tornadoes will emerge in the forecast of parts of the Florida peninsula, with that threat increasing as the storm approaches, according to the National Weather Service.
Those winds could occur up to 30 miles from the center of the storm, with tropical storm-force winds extending significantly further, up to 140 miles from the center of the hurricane.
As the storm makes landfall, it is expected to bring with it devastating storm surges, depending on where tides are when it arrives. Forecasters with the National Hurricane Center are warning of storm surges of up to 10-to-15 feet in an area stretching between the Anclote River and Englewood, including heavily populated areas around Tampa Bay and Clearwater Beach.
Large and dangerous waves will also occur with the storm surge, causing even more dangerous conditions near the water.
Tropical storm-force winds are expected to reach the east coast of Florida by the late evening hours, according to official forecasts.
According to Roman, forecasters predict a landfall late Wednesday night or early Thursday morning, around 1 a.m.
Thursday
Heavy rain is expected to continue throughout the morning hours and well into the afternoon, leading to potentially “catastrophic and life-threatening flash flooding” in many parts of west-central Florida.
By the time the storm moves out, rainfall totals of 6-to-12 inches, with localized totals of up to 18 inches, are possible, especially in a stretch of land between Tampa and Orlando, according to the National Weather Service.
Thursday could also see tropical storm conditions develop along the coasts of Georgia and South Carolina, with gusty winds and roughly 2-to-4 feet of storm surge, according to the National Hurricane Center.
Milton is expected to continue moving away from the coasts of Florida into the evening hours, and will start to have greater impacts in the Bahamas, according to forecast models.
Flash flooding is still possible in parts of Florida as the storm passes through.
What causes a hurricane?
Hurricanes often start as tropical waves that combine with warm ocean waters, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may also be fueled by thunderstorms. The weather system moves west as warm ocean air rises into it, and that creates a low pressure area underneath it, NOAA said. Air rises and cools, and that forms clouds and thunderstorms.
Hurricanes have maximum sustained winds — the highest one-minute average wind speed at a particular point in time — of 74 mph (120 kph) or higher. If a tropical cyclone has maximum sustained winds between 39 and 73 mph (63 kph to 120 kph), it’s called a tropical storm. If maximum sustained winds are less than 39 mph (63 kph), it’s called a tropical depression.
Hurricanes typically occur during hurricane season, which in the Atlantic basin occurs each year from June 1 to Nov. 30.
